Table of contents
Introduction to the Natural History of Volga River StateRecreaction Area and Echo Valley State Park, Fayette County, Iowa
	Raymond R. Anderson				1
A Brief History of Fayette County, Iowa
	Raymond R. Anderson				3
Volga Lake: A History of Politics and Science
	Raymond R. Anderson				7
A brief developmental history of Echo Valley State Park
	Jerry Reisinger				11
Trout Fishing in Echo Valley State Park
	Dave Moeller				15
Vegetation of the Volga River State Recreation Area
	John Pearson				17
		Historic Vegetation			17
		Modern Vegetation			19
			Northern Mixed Hardwoods		19
			White Oak - Red Oak		19
			Black Oak – Bur Oak - Hickory		19
			Red Cedar – Bur Oak		19
			Bottomland Hardwoods		19
			Other		19
		Comparison of Historic and Modern Vegetation			21
			Former prairie area		21
			Former forest area		23
		Literature Cited			24
Archaeology and Geoarchaeology of the Volga River State Recreation Area
	Joe Alan Artz				27
		The Studies			27
		Archaeological Results			27
		Geoarchaeological Results			28
		Summary and Conclusions			33
		References Cited			33
Quaternary Materials of the Volga River State Recreation Area
	Stephanie A. Tassier-Surine				35
		Landform Region			35
			“Driftless” Area		35
			Paleozoic Plateau		36
			Iowan Surface		37
		Quaternary Deposits			37
			Description of Materials along the Lima Trail		37
			Soil Map Comparison		38
		Discussion			38
		References			39
Bedrock Geology at Echo Valley Park and Volga River State Recreation Area Fayette County, Iowa
	Brian J. Witzke				41
		Introduction			41
		Lower Silurian Strata (ledges and cliffs of dolomite and limestone)			41
			Tete des Morts Formation		42
			Waucoma Formation		44
				Introduction	44
				Distribution and Thickness	46
				Description	46
				Fossils	47
				Stratigraphic Relations	47
				Age	48
				Deposition	48
				Why Limestone?	49
			Undifferentiated Blanding – Lower Hopkinton Strata		49
		Upper Ordovician Strata (mostly covered slopes)			50
			Maquoketa Formation		50
		Field Trip			51
		References			51
Stromatoporoids in the Aeronian (Llandovery, Lower Silurian) of the US Mid-Continent
	Carl W. Stock and Heldur Nestor				55
		Stromatoporoid Faunas			55
		Summary			56
		Acknowledgments			56
		References			57
Field Trip Stops at the Volga River State Recreation Area
	Raymond R. Anderson				59
		Introduction			59
		Future Plans for the Volga River State Recreation Area			60
		Field Trip Stops at the Volga River State Recreation Area			60
			Stop 1. Sand Prairie and Residuum along the Lima Trail		61
			Stop 2. Colluviated Bedrock at the Volga River State Recreation Area		62
			Stop 3. The Ordovician – Silurian Contact at the Albany Bridge Section		63
			Stop 4 (Optional). The Lima Cemetery		63
Field Trip Stops at Echo Valley State Park
	Raymond R. Anderson				65
		Introduction			65
		Field Trip Stops at Echo Valley State Park			66
			Stop 1. Echo Valley Picnic Area		67
			Stop 2. Echo Valley Lime Kiln		67
			Stop 3. Old CCC Dam Site		68
			Stop 4. Review of Vegetation at Echo Valley State Park		69
			Stop 5. Silurian Waukoma Limestone at the Glover Creek Backbone		69